DSLS 1985-1986

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  The New Embryology: Molecules Regulating Animal Forms

  Gerald Maurice Edelman

  (This information was taken from the Distinguished Scientist Lecture Series Program 1985-1986).

  A Nobel laureate, Dr. Edelman is Vincent Astor Distinguished Professor at the Hospital of Rockefeller University. He received the Ph.D from the Rockefeller Institute, where he was a practicing physician from 1957 to 1960 and has held a teaching position thenceforward. Dr. Edelman is currently chairman of the advisory board of the Basel Institute of Immunology as well as serving on boards for the Weizmann Institute of Science, the Salk Institute of Biological Studies the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, and the Jackson' Lab. In 1972 he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for research into the chemical structure of antibodies. He has also received numerous honorary degrees as well as the Regents Medal of Excellence from New York State, the Buchman Memorial Award from the California Institute of Technology, the Eli Lilly Award, and the Albert Einstein Memorial Award, among others.

  His Work: Dr. Edelman's present research activities have centered on studies of cell-cell interactions during embryonic development and of cell adhesion molecules and their role in embryonic induction; studies of the molecular genetics of connectional defects in the nervous system; analysis of the control of cell division cycles and of D A replication in eukaryotic cells; development of cell fractionation procedures; analysis of the three-drmens10nal structure and sequence of proteins central to the immune response; and theoretical work on the organization of higher brain functions and on the construction of non-von Neumann machines and recognition automata.

  His Lecture: March 8, 1986: "The New Embryology: Molecules Regulating Animal Forms"

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  Fusion: Our Energy Future

  Marshall Nicolas Rosenbluth

  (This information was taken from the Distinguished Scientist Lecture Series Program 1985-1986).

  Dr. Rosenbluth is director of the Institute for Fusion Studies at the University of Texas at Austin, where he has taught since 1980. Born in Albany, New York, he received the Ph.D. in physics in 1949 from the University of Chicago and became instructor of physics at Stanford. Prior to his association with the University of Texas, he was research advisor at the General Atomic Lab and professor at the University of California, San Diego, as well as visiting lecturer at Princeton University. Honors accorded to Dr. Rosenbluth have included the E.O. Lawrence Prize, the Albert Einstein Award, and the James Clerk Maxwell Prize in Plasma Physics awarded by the American Physical Society. He has been a member of the National Academy of Sciences since 1969, and has served in a number of professional capacities, including an ongoing consultancy at Livermore and Los Alamos laboratories and membership on the U.S.-U.S.S.R. Joint Commission of the National Research Council.

  His Work: Dr. Rosenbluth's work has been a dominant force in the development of plasma physics as a new field of science. He was not only instrumental in laying the foundations of plasma physics and its relationship to magnetohydrodynamics, but his vast volume of work has led the way to a variety of important applications in the field of controlled fusion research. Most recently, his research on anomalous transport caused by magnetic fluctuations is required reading for anyone wishing to understand this active field.

  His Lecture: April 26, 1986: "Fusion: Our Energy Future"

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  Prospects for NMR Spectroscopy at Very Low Temperatures

  John S. Waugh

  (This information was taken from the Distinguished Scientist Lecture Series Program 1985-1986).

  Chemist John Waugh recieved the A.B. summa cum Laude from Dartmouth College and the Ph.D. from the California Institute of Technology. He has been a member of the faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for many years and was named Albert Amos Noyes professor there in 1973. In his career as a scientific educator he has taught in the most distinguished institutions in this country and abroad, including Columbia University, Notre Dame, Tufts University, Princeton, Dartmouth, the University of California at Berkeley, the Cal!fornia Institute of Technology, Harvard Uruvers1ty, the Max Planck Institute in Heidelberg, and the USSR Academy of Sciences. He has been a member of the chemistry advisory panel of the National Science Foundation, a member of the scientific and educational committee of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and a member of the National Academy of Scientists and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He is the recipient of the Irving Langmuir Award and of fellowships from the Sloan and Guggenheim foundations and has been a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Physical Society. He is the author of New NMR Methods in Solid State Physics (1978), co-editor of Advances in Magnetic. Resonance, associate editor of The Journal of Chemical Physics and Spectrochimica Acta, and member of the editorial board of Chemical Reviews. In 1984 he received the coveted Wolf Prize.

  His Work: Dr. Waugh's research has focused on the areas of molecular spectroscopy, magnetic resonance, and solid state physics. He is known for his fundamental contributions to the field of high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in solids.

  His Lecture: April 19, 1986: "Prospects for NMR Spectroscopy at Very Low Temperatures"

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  Distinguished Scientist Lecture Series Program 1985-1986

  Bard College

  Distinguished Scientist Lecture Series Brochure 1985-1986, published by the Bard Center

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  The Mathematics Behind the Computer

  Charles L. Fefferman

  (This information was taken from the Distinguished Scientist Lecture Series Program 1985-1986).

  Dr. Fefferman is Herbert Jones University Professor of Mathematics at Princeton University. Born in Washington, D.C., Dr. Fefferman earned the Ph.D. degree in 1969 at Princeton University. At the age of 22, he was named professor at the University of Chicago and became the youngest full professor in the history of that institution. A member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and of the National Academy of Sciences, Dr. Fefferman has held visiting positions at the University of Paris, the Weizmann Institute (Israel), the Institut Mittag-Leffler (Sweden), and New York University. He has lectured at several universities, including the University of California at Berkeley, Harvard University, Columbia University, Cornell University, and Indiana University. While doing graduate work at Princeton, he was awarded a Woodrow Wilson Fellowship and National Science Foundation and Princeton National fellowships. He received the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Fellowship in 1970 and a ATO postdoctoral fellowship in 1971. He was awarded the Salem Prize that year by the French government. In 1976, Dr. Fefferman was the first recipient of the ationa1 Science Foundation's Alan T. Waterman Award, a prestigious prize authorized by Congress. In 1978, he received the Fields Medal from the International Congress of Mathematicians. He also hold several honorary doctorates.

  His Work: Dr. Fefferman's research has focused on mathematical subjects in the areas of Fourier analysis, partial differential equations, several complex variables, and mathematical physics. His work in these areas has brought clarity to topics previously considered by many too difficult to be understood at this stage in the development of mathematics.

  His Lecture: October 12, 1985: "The Mathematics Behind the Computer"

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  The Challenge of Particle Physics

  Sheldon Lee Glashow

  (This information was taken from the Distinguished Scientist Lecture Series Program 1985-1986).

  Dr. Glashow, a Nobel laureate, is Higgins Professor of Physics at Harvard University. His concurrent positions include the Distinguished University Professorship at Boston University, the position of University Scholar at Texas A&M University, an affiliation as senior scientist for the University of Houston, and a consultancy at Brookhaven Laboratories. Born in New York City, Dr. Glashow received the Ph. D. from Harvard and honorary doctor of science degrees from Yeshiva University and Aix-Marseille II. In 1979 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his research on the Weinberg-Salom theory of weak interaction. In addition to the Nobel, Dr. Glashow has received the J .R. Oppenheimer Prize, the George Ledlie Prize, and the Castiglione di Sicilia Prize. A member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, he is the president of the International Sakharov Committee. In addition to serving on several advisory boards, including the board for the Laboratory of Nuclear Studies at M.l.T., he has served on the editorial boards of a number of scholarly journals in the field of nuclear physics. He has contributed to publications as diverse as the New York Times Magazine, Physics Review, II Tempo, and Nature, as well as a number of academic and general anthologies.

  His Work: Dr. Glashow's research has centered on theory of elementary particles and their interactions. His work has led to a unified picture of strong, weak, and electrodynamic interactions, and to identification of the fundamental constituents of matter.

  His Lecture: December 7, 1985: "The Challenge of Particle Physics"

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  Evidence for a Black Hole at the Center of our Galaxy

  Charles Hard Townes

  (This information was taken from the Distinguished Scientist Lecture Series Program 1985-1986).

  Dr. Townes, a Nobel laureate, is University Professor of Physics at the University of California at Berkeley. Born in Greenville, South Carolina, Dr. Townes received the Ph.D. in physics from the California Institute of Technology and has since received twenty-one honorary degrees from American and foreign universities and colleges. Dr. Townes has been an Adams Fellow, a Guggenheim Fellow, and a Fulbright lecturer. From 1964 to 1969 he was chair of the science and technology committee for manned space flight at ASA, and in 1968 he was named chair of the President-Elect's Task Force on Space; in 1969 he became chair of the President's Task Force on National Science Policy. He has also served as chair of the President's Committee on Science and Technology (1976-77); as chair of the Committee on Scholarly Exchanges to the People's Republic of China; and as chair for the Committee on MX Basing in 1981, among other positions. In 1964 Dr. Townes received the Nobel Prize in Physics for his "fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle." His other honors include the Comstock Award from the National Academy of Sciences, the Rumford Premium from the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the Earle K. Plyler Prize from the American Physics Society (of which he has served as president). He is a foreign member of the Royal Society of London and a member of several professional societies including the National Academy of Sciences and the American Astronomy Society.

  His Work: Dr. Townes's research has been primarily in the area of molecular and nuclear structure. He has done extensive work on questions involving masers and lasers; radio and infrared astronomy; microwave spectroscopy; optics; and quantum electronics.

  His Lecture: November 2, 1985: "Evidence for a Black Hole at the Center of Our Galaxy"