Date of Submission

Fall 2016

Academic Programs and Concentrations

Biology

Project Advisor 1

Dr. Gabriel Perron

Abstract/Artist's Statement

Abstract

Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that targets a broad spectrum of gram-negative and positive bacteria. Recent studies in environmental science have shown that antibiotic pollution in freshwater environments can have a detrimental effect on the biodiversity of the microbes living in the water. The literature fails to explain the effect that antibiotics have on fish living in water environments close to hospital effluents and wastewater treatment plants. This study aims to explore the effect that streptomycin has on the microbiome of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model for the human microbiome and as a measure of environmental impact of antibiotics. In the experimental design, larval zebrafish were reared in three different concentrations of streptomycin. I conducted a metagenomic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene in the V4 region of larval DNA. The results show that a microbial dysbiosis occurs with exposure to different concentrations of streptomycin. Larval zebrafish exposed to streptomycin experience a significant decrease in phylogenetic diversity and species abundance, along with a dramatic shift in the beta diversity and core microbiome compared to control fish. This shift in microbial community was also correlated with a decrease in survival rate. Finally, results from a quantitative PCR show that there is an increase in class 1 integrons, a strong indication of antibiotic resistance, in streptomycin-treated zebrafish. Taken together, these results show that the presence of streptomycin was strong enough to cause a significant dysbiosis in the fish, and that there are other antibiotic-host interactions occurring that affect the overall fitness of the zebrafish.

Open Access Agreement

On-Campus only

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.

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